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The new McCarthyism: Anti-Zionist witch hunts

An outspoken critic of the Israeli government has been cancelled because he's Israeli. That's the kind of kneejerk labelling that's become commonplace
Isabelle Oderberg
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Nadav Lapid cancelled

Israeli director Nadav Lapid has been cancelled for being Israeli although he is a strong critic of the Israeli government (VALERIE MACON/AFP via Getty Images)

Published: 10 June 2026

Last updated: 10 June 2026

Some years ago, I bought myself a label-maker. I spent hours printing off little sticky labels and covering everything in them. Pantry items, drawers in the wardrobe, tubs in the bathroom cupboards. I even used them to differentiate the husband’s phone chargers from my own so we could avert the perpetual marital crisis of the stolen charger.

But labels have limits and there are three things for which labels are ill-advised: people, politics and identity.

One-word labels in any of these areas rarely manage to embody what they seek to achieve. Can I really call myself a progressive if I think some women are “asking for it”? Can I call myself left-wing if I think climate change is all a bit of an exaggeration? Am I a conservative if I’m in favour of marriage equality?  Because these labels might be helpful in some loosely indicative ways, but ultimately, they are all broad churches with a variety of interpretations.

We’ve seen “hunt by label” before, probably the most famous of which was the second “Red Scare” in the US after World War II. It saw the establishment of the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1938, followed by McCarthyist witch hunts of the 1940s and 1950s.

The red scare is defined as a moral panic around the rise of left-wing ideologies in society, specifically socialism and communism, all too often intertwined with anti-Chinese and anti-Russian racism.

The first step was to define “communism” as the embodiment of all evil and totally morally corrupt, whipping up hatred, fear and conspiracy. The second step was to haul those deemed to be communist (in the pejorative sense of the word) and interrogate them and encourage them to “give up” other “communists”. And the third step was to excise them from public life.

Hundreds of people were imprisoned and tens of thousands lost their jobs. There have been a number of public apologies made in more recent times to victims of this witch hunt, some of the most high-profile related to the “Hollywood Blacklist”.

And given the scope of the hunt, the apologies came thick and fast when the groupthink lifted and hindsight gave a more clear-eyed vision. In 1998 the Screen Actors Guild (SAG), the Writers Guild of America (WGA), the Directors Guild of America (DGA), and American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) issued a joint apology for failing to protect their members from the blacklisting, censorship, and political persecution of the era. In 2012 the Hollywood Reporter formally apologised for the pivotal role its founder, Billy Wilkerson, played in sparking the blacklist.

Israeli government critic cancelled as 'Zionist'

There are clear parallels with some of these campaigns and what we see in the targeting of “Zionists”, with the word recast as a catch-all for moral depravity, genocidal intent, white supremacy and other markers of absolute evil.

A case in point is the removal of Israeli director Nadav Lapid as a judge for Marseille's Festival International de Cinéma de Marseille (FID). Lapid is an outspoken critic of the Israeli government – including through his new satirical film Yes! – but about 10 filmmakers still threatened to withdraw if he were involved.

I’ve said repeatedly that I don’t identify as a “Zionist”, because in the left-wing circles I tend to reside in, the recasting or misappropriation of this word means that in this context it no longer reflects my views. I don’t have genocidal intent, I don’t engage in white supremacy as an aspirational standard and I don’t consider myself to be the embodiment of absolute evil.

Do my views on a two-state solution qualify me as a Zionist in the way my community defines it? Yes, they probably do.

However, my refusal to allow talking points to dictate my positions and my active role in criticising the Israeli government means that some people see me as a “safe Jew”, the sort of Jew they wouldn’t define as a “Zionist”. This means I have been asked privately by acquaintances to identify the problematic Jews. The Zionists. And I know that in my circles I am not alone.

However, the witch hunt era of today has not flown under the radar. It’s been glaringly public. Social media accounts openly list Zionist celebrities (to which you can be added for, for instance, the crime of liking a social media post) or list Zionist brands (some of which have later been identified as partially Palestinian-owned).

When UK journalist Jonathan Freedland visited Australia recently to promote his book, he was asked whether he identifies as a Zionist. His response was that when he is asked this question, he asks the person posing it how they define the label. It’s excellent advice, both for the person asking the question and the person being asked. Without definition, neither side of the discussion truly understands the nature of the conversation.

One woman's Zionism is another's anti-Zionism

The vast majority of Jews that I know personally would define themselves as Zionist, though not all those definitions are the same. I asked one Jewish friend who identifies as “anti-Zionist” what that meant to her. She told me it meant that she was “against the illegal settlements”. Ironically, almost all my friends who identify as Zionist also stand against illegal settlements and indeed extremist, violent settlers themselves.

Seeking a person’s cancellation on account of their “Zionism”, without ever engaging with that person to seek to understand, in a more fundamental way, their core beliefs or the moral framework through which they view the world, is a new McCarthyism.

It should be noted that the reverse can also be said. Someone identifying as pro-Palestinian is not a mark of shame or an automatic indication that the person is antisemitic. I also consider myself to be pro-Palestinian. Indeed, given that the establishment of the state of Israel was predicated on a two-state solution, we must support the establishment of an independent, free Palestine, where Palestinians can live in freedom and with self-determination; it is an absolutely necessary component of a world in which this perpetual war can end – and all people of the levant can live in peace.

People on all sides of politics who consider themselves to be critical thinkers, proponents of free speech and rigorous debate or thought need to do better. They need to ask more questions, engage in good faith and seek to pull down the binaries that plague all these conversations.

I find myself wondering about how we will look back in 10, 20 or even 30 years from now. I wonder who will be able to say with certainty that they asked questions, that they engaged in conversation and that they took the time to understand what they were asking and the answers they were being given.

I wonder who will be able to say they asked more questions when it mattered. Who refused the comfort of the mob. Who resisted the urge to turn disagreement into guilt by association. And who will be the new recipients of Hollywood blacklist-style apologies.

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About the author

Isabelle Oderberg

Isabelle Oderberg

Isabelle Oderberg's journalism has appeared in The Age/SMH, Guardian, ABC, Meanjin and elsewhere. She also worked as a media and communications strategist across the not-for-profit sector. She is the author of Hard to Bear: Investigating the science and silence of miscarriage (Ultimo Press), and Chair of the Early Pregnancy Loss Coalition. Learn more at eplc.au.

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Comments7

  • Avatar of Simon Krite

    Simon Krite9 July at 10:12 am

    Isabelle, the real issue is the greatest inversion of our time is that some of the loudest campaigns against Jews now march under the banner of “human rights.”

    Using “human rights” as moral camouflage to selectively target, isolate and delegitimise the world’s only Jewish state is every bit as cynical as weaponising Holocaust language. It grants prejudice a veneer of virtue.

    That’s why the obsession with words like “Kapo” misses the larger issue. While those terms should never be used lightly, the far greater damage is done by those who cloak anti-Jewish outcomes in the language of justice, equity and human rights. Respectable language does not make a discriminatory campaign respectable.

    The anti-Zionist litmus test described in this article is real. Increasingly, Jews are expected to publicly renounce Zionism to earn social acceptance. This is ideological coercion.

    History will not remember this era kindly. It will remember the institutions, activists and NGOs that claimed to defend universal human rights while applying standards to the Jewish state that they demanded of no other nation.

  • Avatar of Simon Krite

    Simon Krite9 July at 10:03 am

    BART, Your comment is a perfect example of starting with the conclusion and working backwards.

    You redefine Zionism entirely by “alleged” outcomes while conveniently ignoring why it exists in the first place. The Jewish people’s right to self-determination after centuries of persecution in their ancestral homeland. No other national movement is judged solely by its imperfections while its legitimacy is denied.

    Suggesting Palestinians have a more “relevant understanding” of Zionism than Jews themselves is comical. That’s like claiming Britain’s enemies are the ultimate authority on British history.

    You’ve also erased 3,000 years of Jewish history and reduced Zionism to 1948 onwards, as though Jewish attachment to Israel began with the Nakba. That’s not history, Bart… it’s basic ideological propaganda.

    The reality is that Zionism “does” exactly what every successful national movement does, it established and defends a nation-state. If your definition starts by excluding Jewish history and ends by accepting the narrative of those who reject Jewish self-determination, you’ve described Antizionism, not Zionism and your terms are straight from the Palestinianism playbook.

  • Avatar of Bart

    Bart29 June at 03:27 pm

    Its undoubtedly true, as the author makes out, that Zionism means different things to different people, (and increasingly different things to the same people at different points of their life). But the article never reckons with the fundamental reason why Jewish and non-Jewish people increasingly define themselves as anti-Zionist – not in reaction to a theory, let alone a feeling – but a reaction to what Zionism ‘does’, has done and continues to do. This is real-existing Zionism, a historic political movement that has been unfolding in concrete facts from the Nakba to today. That is why Palestinians have long had a closer and more relevant understanding of what Zionism actually is than us diaspora Jews that speak of it in abstract, ahistorical and parasocial terms.

  • Avatar of Ruth Wilson

    Ruth Wilson13 June at 03:15 am

    In general, this article reflects my view of the current situation and the dilemmas it poses for those who identify as Zionists. I do not understand however why the commentator would renounce her identity as a Zionist : ‘ I’ve said repeatedly that I don’t identify as a “Zionist”’, is a surrender to the derangement of the left leaning opponents of Israel. I personally reject the labels of ‘genocide’, ‘ethnic cleansing’ and ‘apartheid’ and believe I can defend me position, and I shall never renounce my belief that the Jews have the right to remain in their sovereign state in the ancestral home – that is how I express my identity as a Zionist, and it has nothing to do with my very strong opposition to the current Israeli government.

  • Avatar of joe lenzo

    joe lenzo12 June at 04:58 pm

    Yes it works both ways. And, unfortunately, I do not see it changing, only getting worse,

  • Avatar of KIm O'Brien

    KIm O'Brien12 June at 04:29 am

    Thank you for this very thoughtful piece. There is so much confusion about the term “Zionism” and so few journalists bother to give it definition for contemporary society.

  • Avatar of Michele Grossman

    Michele Grossman11 June at 08:16 am

    An insightful piece that offers a useful historical reminder of how labels that flatten nuance and diversity of belief or allegiance help only those who avoid, dismiss or show contempt for the grey zone of complexity for a variety of reasons. Oppression and persecution thrive on such black and white thinking. Sad but instructive to see how the legacy of McCarthyism lives on.