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HomeRead, Watch, Listen
Opinion

Why did the Israeli government go in so hard against Amnesty?

Elhanan Miller
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Published: 25 February 2022

Last updated: 4 March 2024

Two NGO reports had already made the same claim in the past year, without a ferocious reaction. ELHANAN MILLER looks at what was different about Amnesty’s report

FOR A WHILE it seemed like the hype surrounding the new Amnesty International report, branding Israel a “cruel” Apartheid state, had died down. But just three weeks after its publication on February 1, the executive director of Amnesty’s Israel branch launched a scathing attack on the report, reviving the internal debate on the report’s accuracy and efficacy.

“Emotionally, as far as I’m concerned, referring to Apartheid inside Israel – as well as other matters in the report – is a punch in the gut,” Molly Malekar told Zman Israel, the Times of Israel’s Hebrew-language sister site. “I don’t see which goals this report advances, but I do see how it can harm our goals: the promotion of human rights in Israel and the Occupied Territories.”

The Amnesty report, titled “Israel’s Apartheid against Palestinians: a cruel system of domination and a crime against humanity,” was not the first report in recent years to level the “Apartheid” accusation against Israel. In January 2021, Israeli human rights watchdog B’Tselem published a report titled “A regime of Jewish supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is Apartheid.”

The report claimed that Israel’s 55-year occupation of the West Bank could no longer be considered a temporary measure. It rendered the distinction between a democratic Israel within the 1967 borders and a non-democratic military regime in the West Bank, a distinction commonly made by Zionist leftists, obsolete and artificial.

“Within the Green Line, in the West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip, there exists one regime which operates according to one organizing principle: the advancement and sustainment of the supremacy of one group of people, namely Jews, over another group of people, namely Palestinians. Such a regime is an Apartheid regime,” the B’Tselem report read.

Three months later, Human Rights Watch published a report titled “A threshold crossed: Israeli Authorities and the crimes of Apartheid and persecution.” The report largely repeated the accusations found in the B’Tselem report, accusing Israel of two crimes against humanity: Apartheid and persecution.

One wonders why the official Israeli reaction to the Amnesty report seemed more belligerent than its attitude toward the B’Tselem and HRW reports. Amnesty’s reputation in Israel is no different than that of HRW. Yet Israel’s Foreign Ministry preempted the Amnesty report by accusing its authors of demonising and delegitimising Israel, “the exact components from which modern antisemitism is made.” (It had condemned the HRW report as “anti-Israel” but went no further.)

Meanwhile, Interior Minister Ayelet Shaked was weighing the possibility of barring the entry of Amnesty International officials based on a recent law targeting proponents of BDS (boycott, divestment and sanctions) against Israel.

Amnesty didn’t just accuse Israel of 'crossing a threshold' like HRW did, it alleged that Israel itself was intrinsically illegitimate within any borders.

One reason could be the accumulative effect of the two previous reports, turning up the international heat on Israel. But the Amnesty report went one step beyond the two previous ones.

Amnesty didn’t just accuse Israel of “crossing a threshold” like HRW, it alleged that Israel itself was born in sin and was intrinsically illegitimate within any borders.

The relevant paragraphs are below:

“[Amnesty] has assessed that almost all of Israel’s civilian administration and military authorities, as well as governmental and quasigovernmental institutions, are involved in the enforcement of the system of Apartheid against Palestinians across Israel and the OPT and against Palestinian refugees and their descendants outside the territory.”

“Since its establishment in 1948, Israel has pursued an explicit policy of establishing and maintaining a Jewish demographic hegemony and maximizing its control over land to benefit Jewish Israelis while minimizing the number of Palestinians and restricting their rights and obstructing their ability to challenge this dispossession.”

“Palestinians are treated by the Israeli state differently based on its consideration of them as having a racialized non-Jewish, Arab status and, beyond that, as being part of a group with particular attributes that is different from other non-Jewish groups.”

This is a claim very few Jewish Israelis can accept.         

Moreover, while all three reports have managed to increasingly insert the “Apartheid” label into Israeli political discourse -- usually as a danger looming if Israel does not end the occupation of the West Bank -- they seem to have failed in convincing the vast majority of Israelis that Israel proper is an Apartheid state.  

The humanistic forces here aren’t mainstream, but they can become mainstream. They don’t receive the recognition they deserve - MOLLY MALEKAR.

That was precisely the point made by Malekar, Amnesty’s Israel director, in her interview.

“There’s a struggle within Israel over the state’s character. A real struggle, not a charade, between nationalistic and humanistic forces. The humanistic forces here aren’t weak. They exist within the establishment, in politics, in the civil service, in the legal system, in civil society, in culture.

They aren’t mainstream, but tomorrow they can become mainstream,” Malekar said she told her colleagues at Amnesty. “These forces don’t receive the recognition they deserve. We, the partners of this struggle, need reinforcement, we need the spotlight and for people to know we exist.”

Evidently, Malekar still believes in the power of Israeli society to change the course of Israel’s destiny. But as far as international human rights organisations are concerned, she increasingly seems to be in the minority.   

READ MORE
Calling out Israeli apartheid isn’t antisemitism, it’s reality - PA envoy
(Jerusalem Post)
Israel eyes a new kind of regime in the West Bank, but the world sees Apartheid (Haaretz)

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About the author

Elhanan Miller

Elhanan Miller

Elhanan Miller is a Jerusalem-based journalist and teacher.

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