Aa
  • Read, Watch, Listen
  • TJI Series
  • Community Action
  • Events
  • Zedi
Follow us and continue the conversation
  • LinkedIn
  • Instagram
  • FaceBook
  • X
  • YouTube
Test yourself with the TJI Quiz!

Adjust size of text

Aa

Follow us and continue the conversation

  • LinkedIn
  • Instagram
  • FaceBook
  • X
  • YouTube

Your saved articles

You haven't saved any articles

What are you looking for?

Original reporting, insightful analysis and diverse views, delivered straight to your inbox

  • LinkedIn
  • Instagram
  • FaceBook
  • X
  • YouTube
Your support fuels our mission to inform, entertain and inspire.

The Jewish Independent is bound by the Standards of Practice of the Australian Press Council. If you believe the Standards may have been breached, you may approach The Jewish Independent or make a complaint to the Australian Press Council in writing at www.presscouncil.org.au. The Council may also be contacted on 1800 025 712.

  • Our Story
  • Contact us
  • Our Team
  • Support us
  • Guidelines
  • Pitch your idea
  • Republishing us
  • Community Action
  • Our Awards
  • LinkedIn
  • Instagram
  • FaceBook
  • X
  • YouTube
Aboriginal FlagTorres Strait Islanders Flag

The Jewish Independent acknowledges Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the Traditional Owners and Custodians of Country throughout Australia. We pay our respects to Elders past and present, and strive to honour their rich history of storytelling in our work and mission.

© The Jewish Independent 2026All Rights Reserved
Website design and development by Your Creative, MelbourneTerms & ConditionsPrivacy Policy
HomeRead, Watch, ListenIsrael
NewsIsrael

Thousands of Indian Jews head to Israel, despite discrimination  

Sometimes mistaken for itinerant Asian workers, Bnei Menashe already in Israel know the new raft of migrants will face a difficult path to absorption.
Ben Lynfield
Print this
Bnei Menashe Jewish emigrants arrive in Israel

13 October 2021, Israel, Tel Aviv: New Jewish emigrants from the Bnei Menashe (sons of Manasseh) community in India, kneel to the ground as they cheer after arriving at Ben Gurion Airport near Tel-aviv. 250 emigrants of Bnei Menashe community, claimed to be one of the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel that settled in India, have arrived today in Israel as part of an operation by the Ministry of Aliyah and Integration (Immigrant Absorption). Photo: Ilia Yefimovich/dpa (Photo by Ilia Yefimovich/picture alliance via Getty Images)

Published: 26 March 2026

Last updated: 26 March 2026

Israel late last year approved the immigration of more people from India who identify as members of the lost biblical tribe of Menashe. 

Demography seems to be playing a role in the project. Their absorption centre will be in the Galilee, home to a large Arab population that successive Israeli governments have sought to counterbalance. 

But for the Bnei Menashe already in Israel, this step is about reunification with their immediate relatives who are back in northeast India, many of whom have been waiting long years to move. 

“Unifying families is the most important thing so that you won’t have part of the family here and part left behind in India,” said Rabbi David Lhungdim, who leads the community in the southern town of Sderot near the border with Gaza.  

There are 5,800 Bnei Menashe expected to come to Israel over the next four years, more than doubling the population already in Israel.  

Many feel they are still seen as outsiders by larger Israeli society, sometimes mistaken for itinerant Asian workers

Among them is Rabbi Lunghdim’s younger brother who has been waiting since 2007, when he was not deemed eligible. The government and Jewish Agency have replaced private organisations in running the effort and have  promised to prioritise family reunion. 

 “These people are not coming because of antisemitism. The reason is to return to their roots in Judaism,” he says. 

Rabbi David Lhungdim (supplied)
Rabbi David Lhungdim (supplied)

But for many Bnei Menashe already in Israel, migration has been a rough road. Language difficulties, integration problems, disparagement, lack of suitable employment and a lower socioeconomic level than other communities are some of the maladies. 

Many feel they are still seen as outsiders by larger Israeli society, sometimes mistaken for itinerant Asian workers. “People who feel you are part of the nation of Israel accept you. As for people who don’t, I wish it was only a question of their not being helpful. There are people who make problems,” said Rakhamim Haokip, a translator. 

During the war, when he and other Bnei Menashe were evacuated for their safety to a hotel in Jerusalem “people looked at us as strangers, as people who make problems, as if to say, what are you doing here?” 

Suraj Rajan Kadanthodu, a doctoral student in Israel Studies at the University of Haifa has conducted extensive research on the Bnei Menashe and previous Indian Jewish immigration to Israel. He believes the Israeli government should focus first on planning how to fix some of the problems the community in Israel is facing and only then bring more Bnei Menashe from India. 

“Intentions are good and this [immigration] needs to be done; people have been waiting for years. But the way you execute it needs to be well planned and coordinated, otherwise you might create chaos.” he told the Jewish Independent. 

Lhungdim, author of two books on the Bnei Menashe, is a key figure for the group, overseeing a congregation, a mini-museum and a small center of religious learning where two young men with black kippot were recently exchanging viewpoints on a Talmudic passage. It was a scene that takes place in yeshivas throughout the world. Only here the discussion mixed Hebrew and Kuki, one of the Bnei Menashe’s tribal languages. 

Shimon Hoaib, 36, a student in the kollel, or learning center, expects his brother, a policeman in India, to arrive in Israel soon. His parents may come also, provided they pass an interview by rabbis and other Israeli officials aimed at gauging how connected to Judaism they are. If they get through this screening, like other Bnei Menashe immigrants, they are still required to undergo orthodox conversion in Israel to put to rest questions about their Jewishness. 

Shimon Hoaib with his wife and children (supplied)
Shimon Hoaib with his wife and children (supplied)

Hoaib wants to teach Judaism in the community and already gives talks, but he admits his progress is slower than he would like because he has not mastered Hebrew yet. In India, he found it hard to pursue Jewish learning because of an absence of teachers and books. “I came to Israel because of Judaism,” he says. “I want to continue learning. Judaism is endless.” 

Such learning is much more than theoretical discourse. For those engaging in it, it caps a process of returning to the fold after 2700 years of being lost spiritually and nationally. 

This sense of return was first enabled by members of the tribes making up a group known as the Manmasi shifting from animism to Christianity  under the influence of missionaries penetrating northeast India beginning in the 1890s. Around 1960, with access to the Old Testament in their own languages, a conviction arose that old tribal customs reflected Israelite customs outlined in the bible. For example, the custom of boring an infant’s ear on the eighth day was said to be derived from circumcision and a Spring festival where altars were built and white roosters were roasted was traced to Passover. 

In 1976 a turning point was reached after several persons from the Manmasi visited libraries for research on the perceived lost tribes and also came into contact with Jewish communities in Calcutta and Bombay where they learned about how to conduct practices such as kiddush. 

A turning point came when Daniel Lhungdim (a clan relative of Rabbi Lhungdim) returned from Bombay with a torah scroll and texts on Jewish law during Passover of 1976. 

A lost tribe? 

The idea of restoring a lost tribe was also capturing the imagination of Israeli rabbi Eliyahu Avichail. In 1979, he contacted the community and, convinced they were the lost tribe of Menashe, named them the Bnei Menashe. He facilitated immigration to Israel, a task that was later taken up by another organization devoted to the idea of an ingathering of lost tribes, Shavei Yisrael. 

Sceptics may consider the lost tribe idea far-fetched. But visiting the tiny museum that is adorned with pictures and biographical sketches of those who led the transition to Judaism makes one realize that a genuine process of awakening has taken place. 

Appropriate absorption 

The first home of the newcomers while they undergo orthodox conversion and learn Hebrew will be Nof HaGalil, formerly known as upper Nazareth. After that, they will be free to choose for themselves where to live, according to Rabbi Lhungdim.  

Religious Zionism party leader Bezalel Smotrich hopes they will stay in the north. “The immigration to the Galilee and resettlement in Nof HaGalil strengthens our hold of the north and the future of the state of Israel,” he said after the cabinet session that endorsed their immigration. 

Gilad Kariv, chair of the Knesset’s aliya and absorption committee from the left-wing Democrats party, told the Jewish Independent that he and his colleagues “will continue to monitor to ensure the absorption is optimal.” 

“There is no doubt that the community is by definition weakened and is facing aliyah and language difficulties, but the state takes steps to absorb and integrate it,” he says. 

Kadanthodu, however, says the state needs to dramatically increase its attention to the Bnei Menashe. Firstly, the criteria for who can come and when needs to be clearly spelled out, he says. Moreover, immigrants are not being matched with work drawing on the skills they bring such as cultivation agriculture and many end up in semi-skilled work in industry or as security guards, he adds. Language is a major obstacle. 

He also points to economic vulnerabilities. “Socioeconomically, the Bnei Menashe are lower middle class by Israeli standards. Things are improving but they are not in a high position. They have salaries but they don’t match those of other communities.” Sometimes they face discrimination, though Kadanthodu says, this is not systemic. 

Alcoholism is also a noticeable problem, he adds. “Many get into depressive drinking after a point.” 

Generally, the Bnei Menashe have little interaction with other groups. At the same time, Israeli society knows little about them, Kadanthodu says. 

“It would be best to have a roadmap to deal with the problems before bringing other people,” he advises.

You might also like
  • ‘Israel is systemically eliminating Palestinian collective life’:  B’Tselem
    Deborah Stone
  • Tame apologises – but with little grace
    Deborah Stone
  • Confronting Richard Flanagan and the myth of the Israel lobby
    Mary Garden
logomark.67a07ee3
We believe in the free flow of information

Republish our articles for free, online or in print, by using our Creative Commons licence

You might also like

    Arab Israeli Palestinian election vote
    Israel Votes 2026FeatureIsrael

    Fear of Netanyahu victory may drive big surge in Palestinian voter turnout

    Ben Lynfield
    haredi street guitar
    Photo EssayArts & Culture

    Jerusalemites through the lens

    Sharon Gabay
    Yoav Segalovitz Mansour Abbas
    Israel Votes 2026OpinionIsrael

    Because of my Zionist values, I’m joining an Arab party

    Yoav Segalovitz 1

About the author

Ben Lynfield

Ben Lynfield

Ben Lynfield covered Israeli and Palestinian politics for The Independent and served as Middle Eastern affairs correspondent at The Jerusalem Post. He writes for publications in the region and has contributed to the Christian Science Monitor, Foreign Policy and the New Statesman.

More from the author

FeatureIsrael

Fear of Netanyahu victory may drive big surge in Palestinian voter turnout

NewsIsrael

Abuse by IDF soldiers humiliates Muslim Palestinians

OpinionIsrael

Qusra siege exposes shared agenda of IDF and settler extremists

AnalysisIsrael

IDF ordered to evict West Bank camp in election show of strength

Comments

No comments on this article yet. Be the first to add your thoughts.