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Israel Hamas WarOpinionAustralia

Segal report backlash reveals the heart of the antisemitism debate’s problem

Some have lost the ability to see any humanity in a Jewish person unless they absolve themselves of the guilt that the Jewish nation has imposed on them.
Dean Sherr
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Scales with a bagel on one side and israel flag on the other

“The prevailing narrative and debate around antisemitism has become about conflation” (Image: TJI).

Published: 24 July 2025

Last updated: 24 July 2025

July marked the return of antisemitism into the Australian national conversation, and it continues to be as racked by division and diversions as ever before.

Less than three weeks after the East Melbourne Synagogue was set on fire and Israeli-Australian restaurant Miznon was attacked by anti-Israel protesters, our public debate has become fixated on details of Special Envoy Jillian Segal’s Plan to Combat Antisemitism, rather than the issue itself.

Newspapers have published countless op-eds denouncing the plan. It has been labelled a threat to democracy, Trumpian and a push to weaponise antisemitism by the “Jewish establishment”.

Greens deputy leader and anti-racism spokesperson Mehreen Faruqi called Segal’s position untenable, posting five times within a week to denounce Segal on Instagram, but has yet to issue condemnation of the synagogue attack itself – the second Melbourne synagogue set on fire since December.

Even putting aside the rhetoric one finds in the sewers of social media, the prevailing narrative and debate around antisemitism has become about conflation.

The charge around conflation goes like this – antisemitism has been conflated with legitimate criticism of Israel, or Zionism. It has been weaponised to shut down, or even criminalise, this dissent.

Conflation narrative dominant

This narrative has become dominant in progressive circles, and it offers a compelling account to those horrified by the scenes coming out of Gaza. A powerful lobby is conspiring to prevent you from speaking out against these horrors, using antisemitism as its sword.

The problem is this narrative has created a false dichotomy – a binary choice between accepting that antisemitism is real and rising in this country and around the world; or speaking out for the Palestinian people and the rising humanitarian toll in Gaza in the 21 months since October 7, 2023.

The framing of this debate – and Segal’s recommendations – is to assume the worst in the mainstream Jewish community.

The other side to this framing is to recast the victims and the perpetrators. If antisemitism is a ploy to stifle dissent against Israel’s conduct, then the Jewish people need no longer be considered its victims, but its perpetrators. And their victims are not just the innocent civilians of Gaza, but the Australian activists, artists, academics and writers seeking merely to raise their plight.

This has been a recurring theme in the commentary on Segal’s report – whether it be from The Guardian’s cartoonist/columnist First Dog On The Moon or prize-winning writer Richard Flanagan – if this plan goes ahead, criticism of Israel will be criminalised.

The irony of this is that it comes at a time when the Australian government continues to harden its criticism of Israel’s conduct in the war, signing increasingly harsh statements with like-minded nations condemning Israel, and imposing sanctions on far-right ministers in the Israeli government.

If the commentary was right, that the government was seeking to codify a definition of antisemitism that criminalises legitimate criticism of Israel, it would presumably have to start by turning on itself.

Government adopts IHRA

But as Minister Tony Burke rightly pointed out in defending both Segal and the IHRA definition of antisemitism that Labor first adopted in opposition – the definition sets important guardrails where criticism of Israel cannot be deemed antisemitic. Burke is not the only minister to cite IHRA in defence of criticising Israel – Foreign Minister Penny Wong also did so last year.

These issues are complex, and accusations of antisemitism made in these debates are not always reasonable. But Burke was also right to say that the weaponisation in some quarters of IHRA does not mean its actual text is wrong. We shouldn’t discard a definition because it may be misinterpreted.

Criticism of Israel is not inherently or in and of itself antisemitic, but it cannot be a shield to absolve any critic of Israel from saying whatever they want or targeting whoever they want.

None of this means that Segal’s report is immune to criticism. I believe it strays into some territory that is too far-reaching which the government will look to steer clear from. But Segal’s report is broader than the specific areas that have been subjected to criticism.

And ultimately, her mandate has been specifically defined – to put forward recommendations and advice to combat antisemitism. It is government’s job to consider these recommendations and balance them against other important principles and considerations.

The framing of this debate – and Segal’s recommendations – is to assume the worst in the mainstream Jewish community – the “Jewish establishment” as Louise Adler put it. It is to declare that they are not just misguided or wrong, but calculating and sinister.

This is perhaps the greatest casualty of this debate – that some have lost the ability to see any humanity in a Jewish person unless they appropriately absolve themselves of the guilt that the Jewish nation has imposed on them.

Adler is pretty explicit about this too – she describes the Jewish community in the broadest and crudest terms she can muster, “120,000 well-educated, secure and mostly affluent individuals”. Aside from this sweeping accusation being untrue, if a sentence like that was published in the name of a conservative podcast host, I suspect there would be plenty of outrage from progressives.

But Adler’s conclusion is just as telling, declaring that “If the actions of Israel… doesn’t engender any dissent in the diaspora, it’s unsurprising that critics of Israel conclude that Jews are to be condemned.”

Critical contradictions

And here lies some critical contradictions in the argument – firstly, that antisemitism is a beat-up, but also that Jewish people deserve it if they don’t condemn Israel. Equally, that anti-Zionists cannot demand the separation of Jewish identity from Israel while also demanding that Jews apologise for what Israel does.

A group which defines its Judaism in opposition to Israel is not separating Israel from Judaism, it is just flipping the equation.

Of course, the normal response would be to acknowledge that multiple things can be true at once, and people can care about more than one thing.

The people of Gaza can be suffering unimaginable horrors and Jewish people in Australia can be facing a real and measurable rise in antisemitism. One need not offset the other, nor should it ever be used as justification.

Criticism of Israel is not inherently or in and of itself antisemitic, but it cannot be a shield to absolve any critic of Israel from saying whatever they want or targeting whoever they want, especially on the other side of the world from Gaza.

Jewish people can and should be empathetic to what the people of Gaza are going through, and we should not reflexively accept the justifications or arguments the Netanyahu government uses to explain them away. We should be prepared to listen to the significant mistrust and opposition to the Netanyahu government and its conduct within Israeli society – not least from the family of hostages who believe Netanyahu has prioritised his own political survival over bringing them home.

But how we express our feelings about what is happening – or whether we do at all – is up to us. We are Australians. We are not responsible for the actions of the Israeli government, and we are not fair targets, however we do or don’t define our Jewish identities in relation to the Jewish nation.

Whatever people think about what is happening on the other side of the world, there can never be justification for targeting Jewish or Israeli people living in Australia. It won’t end the war, nor deliver Palestinian security or safety. It only weakens the fabric of our multicultural society in Australia.

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About the author

Dean Sherr

Dean Sherr

Dean Sherr is a consultant and a former adviser to state and federal Labor MPs, including media adviser to Prime Minister Anthony Albanese. He has also served as a past AUJS National President and ECAJ councillor.

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Comments7

  • Avatar of Otto Waldmann

    Otto Waldmann30 July at 05:37 am

    Obvious distortions of a clear entity as legitimately complex as any other in the dictionary cum debate over Jewishness pose as moral measurements defining, in fact, obvious political loyalties cum pretense of objectivity. As Israel is fundamentally conflated with anything veritably Jewish, an attack on the Jewish State implicitly affects just as realistically/tangible everything else Jewishness contains, hence Zionism , Judaic religion, Jewish individuals ANYWHERE are being integrated/conflated while any spot on Israel’s map is targeted. As clear as daylight (sic) attacks under the cover of the night against a shul in Melbourne, perhaps the longest distance from Israel proper, are intrinsic to the conflation here denied by purveyors of political partisan confusion.Similarly, a direct armed conflict such as the one in Gaza cannot accept advise ( we say “eitzes” ) particularly from those identified easily with open dislike of …Jewishness itself, hence Israel. Anyone displaying empathy for those who have hailed to high Heavens on the streets of Gaza on the tragic day of October 7, 2023 ( not at all tragic for the “hailers” ) those local heroes jamming hostages into holes of terror MUST have imagined the LOGICAL retribution by Israel that followed their celebrations. In fact Netanyahu was blatantly clear about the hell that was imminent. Well, this is what hell on Earth looks like for those ignoring the the effects of crime, a crime committed at the widest-highest social/communal level. Realistically -another Jewish expression : TAHLES – as hamas has no chance of prevailing militarily, yet refuses to abandon Gaza and also return what has remained of the hostages, dead or alive, itself, hamas, are the exclusive responsible of a genocide perpetrated by them, hamas, over their own actually loyal to ………. death criminally conflated people.

  • Avatar of Ian Light

    Ian Light29 July at 12:28 am

    Critics of the Israeli War against Gaza do not ask : How would we react if we were attacked like Israel was attacked on October 7 with the atrocities the barbarism and hostage taking ?
    Say the USA as we saw on 9/11 the sympathy for defeating the Taliban and Al-Qaeda was world wide and in the USA very highly supported .
    If a Gang of Terror attacked anywhere with the horror in which Israel was attacked how would any even any Human Rights Democracy act to obtain Justice ?
    The worst was even before the Israeli counterattack the demonstrations outside the Sydney Opera House coloured Blue and White in sympathy for the atrocious barbarism with heinous anti-Jewish chants and jeers .
    The prime minister Anthony Albanese and Foreign Minister Penny Wong strongly attacked the chants as horrific .
    The Israeli counterattack with Civilian deaths amongst the deaths of the Hamas Terrorists did cause a far greater complexity of views about restraint .
    But attacks on Jewish People are crimes .
    Attacks on the Existence of Israel are also regarded as filled with Malevolent anti-Jewish Ideology .

  • Avatar of Ian Light

    Ian Light28 July at 10:54 pm

    The Two States Israel and Palestine already exists in reality : but Palestine is under Israeli Security Control because the Palestinian people have been educated to reject Israel as a State and reject it with as much violent terror as possible .
    October 7 2023 brought the terror violence with heinous atrocities and included kidnapping and killing of babies young children and non-combatants and combatants but in a time of declared Truce .
    A Truce in which 15,000 Gazans were working in Israel
    was broken with atrocious barbarism setting back a Peaceful Two States for Generations.

  • Avatar of Simon Krite

    Simon Krite26 July at 06:49 am

    Jeff, your response is a textbook example of moral inversion and frankly, cowardice…

    You say “there is no excuse for antisemitism” then immediately offer one. It’s beyond bizzare.

    Jews in Australia are being assaulted, their synagogues torched, their restaurants targeted, not because of anything they did, but because people like you keep telling the world it’s understandable. That they somehow bear guilt unless they pass some moral purity test and publicly denounce Israel with the right volume and vocabulary.

    Jews don’t owe anyone a performative disavowal of Israel to earn their safety. And they certainly don’t deserve to be scapegoated in Western democracies because Hamas launched a genocidal attack, and Israel responded.

    If you genuinely care about decency and humanity, then start by holding the actual perpetrators of mass violence to account. Hamas, Islamic Jihad, and the regimes that bankroll them.

    And you want shameful? Here it is. Standing by while mobs justify hatred against Jews then pretending that’s empathy.

  • Avatar of Simon Krite

    Simon Krite24 July at 09:33 pm

    This is a thoughtful piece that rightly tries to reclaim space for nuance. But let’s be equally clear….. those now loudly questioning the validity of Segal’s antisemitism report, many of whom are activists or politicians who simultaneously demand action on “Islamophobia” need to be scrutinised far more closely.

    You don’t get to delegitimise antisemitism by pretending it’s being “weaponised,” while demanding your own definitions of racism be treated as sacrosanct. That’s just gaslighting. And under that cover lies something far more corrosive, a growing movement that excuses, justifies, or enables hatred against Jews, so long as it can be framed as “anti-Israel.”

    The real conflation isn’t happening in Segal’s report. It’s happening from those who want to collapse all criticism of their own ideology under the banner of protected speech, while decrying Jewish self-defence…. physical, political, or discursive as censorship.

    These people aren’t confused….. They’re playing a very deliberate game. And they should be called out.

    Because what’s at stake here isn’t just Jewish safety, it’s the basic integrity of our civic society. A society that allows one group’s trauma to be politicised and dismissed, while sanctifying another’s, cannot call itself multicultural or just.

    The truth is this…. rising antisemitism is real. It’s measurable. And if you feel the need to bury that fact in footnotes about Gaza, or preface it with “but what about,” then you’re part of the problem.

  • Avatar of Jeff Loewenstein

    Jeff Loewenstein24 July at 08:04 am

    What an appalling mealy-mouthed piece. Trying to appear “empathetic” to the Gazans being starved and shot at can only be described as pathetic. There is no excuse for anti-semitism but some introspection might lead someone with nouse to understand that anti-semitism has risen since 7 October 2023. People of integrity, decency, humanity and who claim to be Jewish in following the Ten Commandments, Halachic law and Jewish lore cannot stand back and let Israel off the hook (or perhaps a soft tutt-tutting) for what it is doing in Gaza and the West Bank. It is shameful!

  • Avatar of Michael Gawenda

    Michael Gawenda24 July at 07:39 am

    Terrific article. I hope it is widely read.