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HomeRead, Watch, ListenAustralia
AnalysisAustralia

A homegrown terror act or a foreign-sponsored attack?

While confronting local radicalised Muslims is very different from foiling a state-sponsored campaign, the calculus must not hinder the launch of a counterterrorism response.
Dror Doron
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Naveed Akram Bondi attacker seated on a wall overlooking the attack

Bondi attacker Naveed Akram Bondi attacker captured during the massacre (supplied)

Published: 16 December 2025

Last updated: 18 December 2025

The terror attack on Jewish Australians at Bondi Beach remains under investigation. A key issue is whether the father and son responsible acted alone, or whether they had the support of others, including possible state actors.

Some disturbing facts have already emerged about the perpetrators: Sajid Akram, 50, who arrived in Australia from India in 1998, and his son Naveed Akram, 24, who was born in Sydney.

Naveed had connections to a Sydney-based Islamic State (ISIS) terrorism cell led by Isaac El Matari, who served seven years in jail. Authorities were aware of this link and he was a target in a six-month examination by Australia's domestic intelligence agency, ASIO, in 2019. An ISIS flag was found in the car the two drove to Bondi Beach further, strengthening suspicions that the attack was an ISIS-inspired terror act.

Sajid had six licensed weapons, all of which were found at the scene. Authorities have yet to address how a man whose son was on a watchlist was able to stockpile these weapons legally.

The simplest conclusion is that the combination of radicalisation and access to weapons inspired and enabled the pair to attack Jewish Australians, most likely after being exposed to the toxic discourse post-October 7.

International involvement

But an even more disturbing picture is suggested by information released by officials in Israel. Israeli security sources have told the Kan public broadcaster that the Mossad intelligence agency gave Australia multiple warnings over threats to the country’s Jewish community.

New South Wales Police chief has denied that there was a specific warning in relation to the Chanukah event. “If the police had had intelligence that there was a risk to the community or to this event, we would’ve taken significant action,” said Commissioner Mal Lanyon.

But Australian security officials have previously identified international involvement in antisemitic attacks in Australia. In August, ASIO confirmed that the Iranian government was behind the attacks on the Adass Israel synagogue in Melbourne and Continental Kitchen in Sydney, and believes it may be responsible for other antisemitic attacks across the country. The Iranian ambassador Ahmad Sadeghi was expelled from Australia and the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) listed as a terrorist organisation.

The Iranian regime has an established modus operandi of using internationals as proxies to carry out terror attacks against Jewish targets around the world, including in the 2022 attempt to assassinate an Israeli businessman in Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, and in Congo in central Africa, and in an an Iranian attempt to target the Chabad house in Athens.

The attack in Bondi was a well-planned operation in contrast to the spontaneous “lone wolf” nature that usually characterises ISIS-inspired terror attacks around the globe. The two men carefully chose an open-air event, hired an Airb’n’b apartment in suburban Campsie as their final preparation location, brought with them six firearms and homemade explosives, and chose a high ground overlooking the site of the gathering from which to direct their attack.

Whether the Bondi attack was a locally-initiated terror act or part of an ongoing international, possibly Iranian state-sponsored, terror campaign holds significant consequences. From the point of view of future counterterrorism in Australia, confronting radicalised members of the local Muslim community is very different from foiling a foreign-sponsored campaign on one's soil. 

Regardless, the need for Australian security agencies to act with utmost professionalism in protecting the Jewish community remains central. Domestic political calculations or diplomatic considerations must not hinder the launch of an effective counterterrorism campaign, which is crucial for the future of Australia's multicultural and social fabric.

An earlier version of this article was based on information provided to TJI that the shooters had a Pakistani background. This information was incorrect. The Jewish Independent apologises for the error.

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About the author

Dror Doron

Dror Doron

Dror Doron is a senior political analyst specialising in the Middle East, and is a senior adviser at United Against Nuclear Iran (UANI) focusing on Hezbollah and Lebanon.

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Comments1

  • Avatar of Cornelia

    Cornelia20 December at 12:55 am

    Every Australian should read your articles. So very well written! Australia 🇦🇺 our days of innocence & independence of o/s shit hitting our shores is truly over:(